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No. 486,116. Patented Nov. 15, 1892.

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UNITED STATES PATENT GFFIQE.

HENRI MARTIN, OF SOTTEVILLE, NEAR ROUEN, FRANCE.

BOILER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 486,116, dated November 15, 1892. Application filed November 5, 1839- $erial No. 329,339- (No model.) Patented in France March 14, 1889, N0. 196,668-

.To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, HENRI MARTIN, a citizen of the Republic of France, residing at Sotteville, near Rouen, France, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Semi-Tubular Boilers with Removable Multiple Water- Heating VVater-Ohambers, (said invention being patented in France March 14:, 1889, No. 196,668,) of which the following is a specification.

The unpleasant results of the burning out of a boiler are well known, the principal of which are the suspension of all work of the machinery until the boiler is repaired and the idleness of the laborers in consequence thereof. The repairing of the boiler is also usually quite costly and is sometimes difficult to effect, especially where the boiler is set up in out-of-the-way places, where skilled labor and repair-shops are not to be had in the vicinity.

My present invention has for its object to construct a new form of steam-boilers with multiple heating water-chambers that can be readily removed. These water-chambers are so constructed that when any repairing must be done they may be easily removed and replaced rapidly byother water-chambers, which can always be held in reserve, thus reducing the cost of repairing to a minimum, almost entirely dispensing with the need of skilled labor and obviating the necessity of shutting down the machinery for a long time, as is necessary with the usual form of boilers.

In the drawings which illustrate my invention and form a part of this specification, Figure 1 represents an elevation of a semitubular boiler, to which my removable waterchambers are attached. Fig. 2 is a vertical section on the line A B, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the boiler. Fig. 4 is a vertical section showing the connection of a waterchamberto the body of the boiler. Fig. 5 is a plan view corresponding to Fig. at. Figs. 6, 7, and 8 represent an elevation, a vertical section on the line C D, and a planof a boiler with two furnaces, to which my system of removable multiple fines is applied. Fig. 9 is an elevation of a boiler with one furnace. Fig. 10 is a plan view of Fig. 9. cross-section of the foundation and masonry and a profile of the boiler. Fig. 12 is a transverse section of the rear end of the founda- Fig. 11 is ation and masonry. Fig. 13 is an exterior view of the foundation and masonry. Fig. 14 is a vertical section of an ordinary boiler with two furnaces. Fig. 15 is an elevation of a boiler with return-dues. Fig. 16 is a transverse section of a boiler with two furnaces. Fig. 17 is a transverse section of aboiler with one furnace. Fig. 18 is an elevation of a semitubular chamber with two furnaces. Fig. 19 is a corresponding plan view. Fig. 20 is a transverse section on the axis of the domes. Fig. 21 is also a transverse section, but only of a boiler with a single furnace.

In this system the latent heat and the flames of the furnace strike the lower part of the water-chamber N in a primary chamber J, entering then into the groups of tubes F F, which are located in the cylindrical body of the boiler M, and repass into a second chamber J in order to reach the chimney. The chambers or passages J J are separated from each other by the water-tubes N, which preferably have between them the tiling 25, Fig. 1. A feed-water-heating boiler H is placed in front of the furnace in order to receive the water by the pipe 0, which feeds the boiler by the bent pipe S, connected with the lower part of the boiler, so that the greater part of all matters in solution or scale remains in the feed-water boiler, which is only slightly heated by reason of its positionyand is always easy to clean when the boiler is not in use.

The communications or connections I consist of three par ts. The first iis riveted to the boiler. The second i is riveted to the cylindrical water-chamber body. T he third 11 is a cylinder placed within and having an exterior diameter corresponding with the part i and riveted thereto at t, as shown in the drawings. The upper part of this cylinder has a diameter fifty millimeters smaller than the lower part in order to have a circular cavity of twenty-five millimeters for the cementing 2 It is also to be noticed that the groups F F of tubes are so placed as to facilitate the circulation in the interior of the boiler and to admit of the removal of any deposits and to give room for forming the joints of the connections I.

In the construction shown in Figs. 6-to'8 the latent heat and flame enter distinct chambers J J, which join one another in thesec- 0nd chamber J, on each side of which a separation is made by a partition J forming a plurality of fines for the second return of the flame to the chimney. As in the preceding case, the longitudinal riveting of the waterchambers is placed in the second chamber. In this case, also, the riveting is not exposed to the flame. The feed-water is conducted into the water-chambers H by the tubes P and P and from there into the cylindrical body by the small tubes S.

The equilibrium of the steam-pressure is obtained by means of a pipe X, which establishes a communication between the two steam-domes R R. The two tubesV and V' are for the two safety-valves. The waterchambers N are provided with two manholes, as shown in Fig. 7, closed by two self-closing plugs L. This arrangement facilitates all cleaning. The two parts '1: t" of the communications I are connected by a bolt 1), which engages two cross-pieces d d, forming an anchor. Access to the chamber J, across which all the connections I extend, may be had through any suitable manhole at, Fig. 1.

Figs. 9 to2l of the drawings represent three types of boilers with one and two furnaces. The first type (Figs. 9 to 14) refers to an ordinary boiler with water-chambers that can be removed.

An ordinary boiler with one furnace is shown in Figs. 9 to 12. The apparatus is composed of nine water-chambers N,each provided with a manhole and a rounded end plate, a heating-chamber H for feeding, provided with a rounded end plate, and a manhole with two tubesPa-nd Pone forthe valve, the other for the inlet of waterand a cylindrical body with a manhole with two tubes V and V for the two safety-valves, and a tube attached to the steam-port for the machine or motor. There are nine communications I placed in such a way that each water-chamber supplies steam to the common reservoir.

The latent heat and flame of the furnace strike first the lower part of the water-chambers N, entering then into the chamber J of communications, which is separated by a longitudinal brick partition .1, placed between the communications, thus forming two fines. The fiame coming from the furnace will pass through the right fine to the left one in order to go into the chimney.

An ordinary boiler with two furnaces is shown in Figs. 13 and let. This arrangement consists of nine chambers N, each provided with two manholes, a heating-chamber II for feed-water, provided with two manholes with two pipesPand Pone for thevalve,the other for the inlet of water-two cylindrical bodies, each of which has a manhole with pipes V and V for the safety-valves, two necks with pipes for equalizing the steam-pressure, and two pipes connected with the steam-port of the machine or motor. There are com mnnications I, of which there is one for each chamber, placed so that each chamber carries the steam to its respective reservoir. The latent heat and flame of the two furnaces strike first the lower part of the water-chambers N in two separate chambers, the ends of which join one another in the middle of the chamber of communications, on each side of which a separation is made by a longitudinal partition of brick between the communications, forming three chambers. The flame coming from two furnaces is joined in the large central fine and isthen separated, passing into the two side fines, but joining again in the chimney The large central flue enables and facilitates any examination of the longitudinal riveting of the water-chambers and all small repairing.

Description of type II, Figs. 15 to 17.--A boiler with return flame and one furnaceis shown in Fig. 17. The apparatus consists of seven water-chambers N, each provided with a manhole and a rounded end plate, a feedwater heater I-I, provided with a rounded end plate and a manhole with two pipes P and Pone for the valve, the other for the inlet of water--a cylindrical body with two interior tines 0, having a manhole with two pipes V and V for the two safety-valves, and a pipe connected with the steam-port for the machine or motor. There are seven communications I, arranged so that each waterchamber carries the steam to the common reservoir. The latent heat and flame of the furnace first strike the lower part of the water-chambers N, passing then into the chamber of the communications, thereby passing into the two interior fines O of the cylindrical body in order to return to the chimney.

A boiler with return fines and two furnaces is shown in Figs. 15 and 1G. The apparatus consists of seven water-chambers N, each provided with two manholes, a feedwater heater H, provided with two manholes with two pipes P and P'one for the valve and the other for the inlet of water-two cylindrical bodies, each having two interior fines O and a manhole with pipes V and V for the two safety-valves, two necks with pipes in order to equalize the steam-pressure, and two pipes connected to the steam-port for the machine or motor. There are seven communications 1, of which there is one attached to each water-chamber, arranged in such a way that each water-chamber carries its steam to its respective reservoir. The latent heat and flame of the two furnaces first strike the lower part of the water-chambers N in two separate chambers, joining each other in the chamber of communications, then passing into the interior flues O of the cylindrical bodies in order to pass to the chimney. The chamber of communications permits and facilitates examinations of all longitudinal rivetings of the fines in order to make the small repairings.

Description of type III.-Semi-tubular boilers with one furnace are shown in Fig. 21. The apparatus consists of five water-chambers N, provided each with a manhole and a rounded end plate, and a feed-water heater H, provided with a rounded end plate and a manhole with two pipes P and P'one for the valve, the other for the inlet of the water-and a cylindrical body having two groups of tubes and a manhole with two pipes V and V for the safety-valves, and a pipe connected to the steam-port for the machine or motor. There are five communications I, arranged in such a way that each water-chamber carries the steam to the common reservoir. The latent heat and flame of the furnace strike first the lower part of the water-chambers N, passing then into the chamber of communications, then passing into the two groups of tubes of the cylindrical bodies F and F in order to return to the chimney.

Semi-tubular boilers with two furnaces are shown in Figs. 18 to 20. The apparatus consists of five water-chambers N, each provided with two manholes, a feed-water heater H, provided with two manholes with two pipes Pand P'one for the valve, the other for the inlet of watertwo cylindrical bodies having two groups of tubes, and a manhole with pipes V and V for the two safety-valves, two necks with pipes in order to equalize the steam-pressure, and the two pipes connected to the steam-port for the machine or motor. There are five communications I, one for each chamber, arranged in such a way that every water-chamber carries the steam to its respective reservoir. The latent heat and flame of the two furnaces strike first the lower part of the chambers N in two separate chambers, joining them in the chamber of communications in order to pass to the chimney-way of the two groups of tubes in the cylindrical body F and F. The chamber of communications permits and facilitates the examination of all longitudinal rivetings of the chambers in order to make small repairs.

For small semi-tubular boilers with one or two furnaces, of which the diameters 'of the cylindrical bodies are of small size, I dispense with the braces between the two groups of tubes by supplementary tubes that are easily removable.

Advantages of this s ystem.The advantages of this system are very great. No more stoppage, all repairing done with great facility, the cleaning rendered easy, security of themachinery, considerable economy in the proper distribution of heat and evaporation, free expansion of the chambers by a single communication, prevention of corroding of joints and rivetings, as they are not exposed to the direct action of the flames. For the cylindrical bodies of the semi-tubular boilers and the cylindrical bodies of the boilers with returnflue and with multiple fiues, which are also of my invention, the advantages are still more considerable on account of the total elimination of the brick flues. I can also produce the greatest power yet known.

Having fully described my invention, I claim 1. In combination, the steam-boiler M, a series of water-heating chambers N, extending transversely below the boiler and arranged adjacent to each other in the same plane to form a passage J below them, and a second passage J between them and the bottom of the boiler, the said passages being separated from each other by the transverse heatingchambers, the furnace connected to the passage J, and the removable connections I between the transverse heating-chambers and the boiler, said connections extending across the chamber J, and the means to permit access to the chamber J, substantially as described.

2. In combination, the steam-boiler M, a series of water-heating chambers N, extending transversely of the boiler and forming a division-wall to divide the furnace horizontally into the two passages J J, the connections I from the heating-chambers to the boiler M, and the division-wall between the connections I, said walls dividing the heating-chamber vertically into passages, substantially as described.

3. In combination,the two steam-boilers M M, a series of Water-chambers N, extending transversely below the two boilers, the connections from the heating-chambers to the boilers, and the double furnace below the heating-chambers, said chambers extending over and being common to both furnaces, substantially as described.

4:. In combination, the boilers M M, the two furnaces, the transverse heating-chambers common to both of the boilers and the furnaces, said chambers dividing the furnacespace into passages J J, the two series of connections I, and the two walls J between the connections I, dividing the inner passage J from the outer return-fines, substantially as described.

5. In combination, the boiler having the passage or passages through it, the series of transverse heating-chambers below the boiler and forming a division of the furnace into two passages J J, the said passage through the boiler communicating with the passageJ for receiving the heated products of combustion and discharging them into the passage J, and the removable connections extending across the passage J from the heating chambers to the boiler, substantially as described.

6. The combination, with the heating-chamber and the boiler, of the connection I between them, consisting of the outer part, the inner part secured at one end to the outer part and being of. reduced diameter at its other end, and the interposed packing or cement between the reduced inner part and the outer part, substantially as described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my handin presence of two witnesses.

7 HENRI MARTIN.

Witnesses:

. P. J ANVIER.

A. DUVAL. 

